〜ほど/〜くらい(程度)
ほど/くらい
So ... that / to the extent that
This pattern shows how strong a state or feeling is by giving an example or a comparison: 死ぬほど疲れた means 'I am so tired I could die'. The part before ほど / くらい is often not something that really happens; it is a picture of the degree. ほど and くらい mean almost the same here, but くらい is a little more casual.
今日は死ぬほど疲れました。
きょうはしぬほどつかれました。
I was dead tired today.
Structure
Verb (dictionary form / ない-form / たい-form) + ほど・くらい; い-adjective + ほど・くらい; な-adjective + な + ほど・くらい; noun + ほど・くらい. After it comes a verb or adjective (死ぬほど疲れた), だ / です (泣きたいくらいだ), or の + noun (薬を飲むほどの熱). くらい can also be said ぐらい.
Examples
8
うれしくて、泣きたいくらいです。
うれしくて、なきたいくらいです。
I'm so happy that I want to cry.
昨日は、立っていられないほど強い風が吹いた。
きのうは、たっていられないほどつよいかぜがふいた。
Yesterday the wind blew so hard that I couldn't stay on my feet.
足が痛くて、歩けないほどですか。
あしがいたくて、あるけないほどですか。
Does your leg hurt so much that you can't walk?
薬を飲むほどの熱ではありません。
くすりをのむほどのねつではありません。
It's not a fever high enough to need medicine.
今朝は耳が痛いくらい寒かった。
けさはみみがいたいくらいさむかった。
This morning it was so cold that my ears hurt.
宿題が山ほどある。
しゅくだいがやまほどある。
I have a mountain of homework.
夜の学校は、不思議なくらい静かだ。
よるのがっこうは、ふしぎなくらいしずかだ。
The school at night is strangely quiet.
Common mistakes
3
- Forgetting な after a な-adjective. ✗ 不思議くらい静かだ → ✓ 不思議なくらい静かだ. Verbs and い-adjectives connect in the plain form with nothing added: 痛いくらい, 歩けないほど.
- Putting the example verb in the past because the whole sentence is past. ✗ 昨日は死んだほど疲れた → ✓ 昨日は死ぬほど疲れた. The verb before ほど / くらい is only a picture of the degree, so it usually stays in the non-past form; the tense is shown at the end of the sentence.
- Using ほど for a low degree ('at least this much'). ✗ あいさつほどしなさい → ✓ あいさつくらいしなさい (At least say hello). Only くらい can show that something is small or easy. For a high degree, both words are fine.
How it's different from similar grammar
2
- 〜ほど〜ない (not as ... as)
- 〜ほど〜ない compares two things and always ends in a negative: 今年の冬は去年ほど寒くない (This winter is not as cold as last year). The degree pattern does not compare A and B. It describes how strong one state is, and the sentence can be positive: 今年の冬は手が痛くなるほど寒い (This winter is so cold that my hands hurt).
- 〜ぐらい/〜くらい (about, approximately)
- After a number, ぐらい / くらい (and ほど) mean 'about': 駅まで10分くらい歩きます (I walk about 10 minutes to the station). In the degree pattern there is no number. A verb, adjective or noun comes before it and works as an example of the degree: 足が動かなくなるくらい歩いた (I walked so much that my legs stopped moving).
How this shows up on the JLPT
In N3 grammar questions you often have to choose the right form before ほど / くらい (歩けないほど, 泣きたいくらい, 不思議なくらい), or choose ほど / くらい from a list with だけ, しか and まで. In sentence-ordering questions, the group 'example + ほど' comes before the main adjective or verb. In reading, remember that 死ぬほど or 涙が出るほど is a way of showing a strong feeling, not a real event.
Quick check (3 questions)
Choose the form that fits the blank: この荷物は重くて、一人では__ほどだ。
このにもつはおもくて、ひとりでは__ほどだ。
What does 「おなかが痛くなるほど笑った」 mean?
おなかがいたくなるほどわらった
Which sentence is correct?
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